Activating the Immune System with Immunotherapy

The adaptive immune system plays a crucial role in the detection and removal of pathogens such as tumor cells. Tumor cells are able to evade destruction by exploiting immune checkpoints that suppress antitumor activity. By exploring new ways to activate the immune system within specific pathways, it will be possible to unlock the potential of immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy + Immunotherapy COMBINATION IMMUNOTHERAPY MAY HAVE SYNERGISTIC ANTITUMOR EFFECTS

CTLA-4 INHIBITING CTLA-4 ENHANCES T CELL ACTIVATION, PROLIFERATION, AND PROMOTES T CELL MEMORY

PD-L1 INHIBITING PD-L1 REVERSES T CELL EXHAUSTION, REINVIGORATING ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY

Immunotherapy + Other Therapies VARIOUS COMBINATION REGIMENS ARE BEING CONSIDERED FOR THEIR ADDITIVE ANTITUMOR EFFECTS

Other Pathways ADDITIONAL SIGNALING PATHWAYS ARE BEING EXPLORED FOR THEIR ABILITY TO ENHANCE THE ANTITUMOR RESPONSE

Immunotherapy + Immunotherapy COMBINATION IMMUNOTHERAPY MAY HAVE SYNERGISTIC ANTITUMOR EFFECTS

CTLA-4 INHIBITING CTLA-4 ENHANCES T CELL ACTIVATION, PROLIFERATION, AND PROMOTES T CELL MEMORY

PD-L1 INHIBITING PD-L1 REVERSES T CELL EXHAUSTION, REINVIGORATING ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY

Immunotherapy + Other Therapies VARIOUS COMBINATION REGIMENS ARE BEING CONSIDERED FOR THEIR ADDITIVE ANTITUMOR EFFECTS

Other Pathways ADDITIONAL SIGNALING PATHWAYS ARE BEING EXPLORED FOR THEIR ABILITY TO ENHANCE THE ANTITUMOR RESPONSE

PD-L1=programmed cell death ligand-1; CTLA-4=cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4.

THE SCIENCE

of Immuno-Oncology Pathways